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The Number of “Climate Refugees” Is Increasing
31 Mar 2024While June 18 is accepted as "World Refugee Day" by the United Nations, the day aims to develop action, solidarity and responsibility in favor of refugees at the global level of governments. While the International Organization for Migration predicts that more than 200 million people may migrate due to climate change by 2050, these people are still not legally recognized as "climate refugees"...
Migration, as an act of displacement, is sometimes voluntary, but most of the time it is a necessity due to reasons such as wars, poverty, epidemics and political conflict. Especially in recent years, climate migration caused by climate change has been increasing.
Increase in the Number of Immigrants and Refugees
According to the 2024 report of the International Organization for Migration (IMO), the number of international migrants worldwide increased from 150 million to 281 million people between 2000 and 2024. This number corresponds to 3.6% of the world's population. The number of "refugees", defined in the United Nations (UN) Convention of 1951 as "A person who is outside the country of his citizenship because of a well-founded fear of being persecuted because of his race, religion, nationality, membership of a certain social group or political opinion, and who cannot benefit from the protection of this country or who does not want to benefit from this country due to such fear" is also increasing. According to the latest data, the number of refugees has increased from 21 million to 71.4 million between 2000 and 2024.
Needs come to the fore in places of migration
Migrants, and specifically refugees, have been one of the most important agenda topics of the UN for many years. After the UN General Assembly signed the Convention to Protect the Rights of International Migrant Workers and Their Families on 18 December 1990, 18 June 2000 was officially accepted as World Refugee Day by the UN.
The day, which prioritizes developing action, solidarity and responsibility in favor of refugees at the global government level, aims to create projects around the world and provide resources to refugees. At the same time, activities are carried out to mobilize political will and raise global awareness about the problems refugees face in their daily lives, to improve their livelihoods and living conditions, and to raise global awareness about the resources to be allocated to them.
The 2024 theme of the day was "For a World Where Refugees Are Tolerantly Welcomed", with an emphasis on solidarity with refugees. The theme highlights topics such as meeting the needs of refugees in communities where they are welcomed with tolerance, and seeking solutions so that they can return to their home countries safely.
There is No Place in International Law for Climate Refugees
As international migration increases rapidly, experts warn that the number of climate immigrants will gradually increase with the intensifying effects of the climate crisis. IOM estimates that 216 million people may become climate migrants by 2050. Climate change not only causes migration, but also climate refugees who have to take shelter in another region or country because the natural resources they need to survive are damaged. However, there are no regulations regarding climate refugees in international law yet, as countries with higher welfare levels that will make international regulations do not want immigration to their own countries.
Most Migration Will Be from South Asia Due to Climate Change
It is estimated that more than 200 million people have been displaced by extreme weather events including floods, storms and wildfires in the past 10 years.
According to the data in the "2024 Global Call" report of the International Organization for Migration (IOM), 32.6 million people were internally displaced due to weather-related disasters in 2022 alone, and this amount constituted 53% of the total number of displaced people worldwide.
According to the projections developed by IOM, more communities will be affected by the effects of climate change in the coming decades. For example, twice as many people will be affected by extreme heat waves than now. Three times more people will be exposed to river floods than today. Those exposed to crop failures in agriculture will also triple. According to another of the same projections, 2.8 million people will be exposed to heat waves by 2090. 1.3 billion of these people will be in the South Asian region, where 59.7 million people have been displaced due to climate impacts in the last 10 years.
Source: Eco IQ
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